Penyalahgunaan Kombinasi Deksametason-Siproheptadin HCL sebagai Produk Peningkat Berat Badan dan Upaya Penegakan Hukumnya di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54384/axw0cd54Kata Kunci:
Penyalahgunaan, Deksametason, Produk Peningkat Berat Badan, Siproheptadin HClAbstrak
Penyalahgunaan kombinasi deksametason–siproheptadin HCl sebagai produk ilegal peningkat berat badan merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat serius di Indonesia dan telah menimbulkan korban. Kedua obat ini dapat meningkatkan nafsu makan dan akumulasi lemak tetapi penggunaannya di luar indikasi medis dapat menimbulkan risiko obesitas, gangguan metabolik serta komplikasi psikologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan menjelaskan profil produk ilegal yang beredar, tren peredaran dan sebaran wilayahnya, mengidentifikasi modus operandi, serta mengevaluasi upaya penegakan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pendekatan kuantitatif dilakukan terhadap data patroli siber BPOM tahun 2023–2024, sedangkan pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan melalui studi kasus perkara Nomor 28/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Btl yang ditangani oleh Penyidik Pegawai Negeri Sipil Balai Besar POM di Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahun 2024 teridentifikasi 2.641 etalase yang menjual produk ilegal ini, meningkat tajam dibanding 2023. Produk ilegal umumnya dikemas dalam botol putih dengan label yang tidak memenuhi ketentuan, dan persebarannya terkonsentrasi di Pulau Jawa, terutama DKI Jakarta, Jawa Barat dan Jawa Timur. Modus operandi dilakukan melalui kebocoran obat keras dari jalur distribusi resmi, pengemasan ulang dan pemasaran melalui kanal penjualan daring. Penegakan hukum telah dilakukan menggunakan Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan, tetapi efektivitasnya masih menghadapi kendala berupa vonis yang relatif ringan dan kesulitan dalam pengungkapan sumber utama kebocoran. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan penguatan pengawasan distribusi dan penerapan sistem keterlacakan produk untuk mencegah terjadinya diversi sejak awal.
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Hak Cipta (c) 2025 Zwista Dimas Haryanto, Rossy Hertati, Ignatius Tutut Wahyanto, Rifki Rasyid
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